Most of the textile material is flammable, even with the technology to deal with fire-retardant fiber in it will be difficult to stop the flames burning. However, after the flame-retardant textiles will be dealt with in varying degrees to reduce the speed of burning or to leave quickly after the fire stopped burning, the flame retardant is a relative concept.

In daily life, a variety of potential fire everywhere. In order to reduce the flammability of textiles caused by the fire and reduce the resulting human life and property safety hazards, textiles combustion performance testing by the countries of the world’s attention.

Textile products for different purposes, the development of all countries in the world of laws and regulations have been flame-retardant aircraft interior materials, textiles, carpets and building and decorating materials to gradually expand the pajamas, furniture, sofa sets, mattresses and interior decoration and so on. Britain, the United States, Japan and other countries in the form of law: women, children, the elderly, the disabled, as well as clothing with a flame-retardant pajamas must be functional, and must be marked on the product. China’s legislation and standardization efforts are ongoing.

Standard

Evaluation of fire-retardant properties of fabrics commonly used two criteria: First, the combustion rate from the fabric to judge. That is, after finishing the flame-retardant fabrics in accordance with the provisions of the method of contact with the flame a certain period of time, and then remove the flame, the determination to continue to have a flame burning fabric of time and flameless combustion time, as well as material damage. A flame burning time and flameless combustion, the shorter the time, the extent of damage was lower, said the better performance of flame-retardant fabrics; On the other hand, said the poor performance of flame-retardant fabrics.

The other is by measuring samples of the oxygen index (also known as the LOI) to judge. Fabric burning need oxygen, Oxygen Index LOI is the amount of oxygen required for burning sample of expression, so by measuring the oxygen index to determine the fire-retardant properties of materials. The higher the index of oxygen that is required to maintain combustion, the higher the concentration of oxygen, that means burning more difficult. The index can be used in the sample of nitrogen, oxygen mixed gas-burning candle to maintain the required minimum volume of oxygen percentage to that. In theory, textile materials, as long as the oxygen index greater than 21% of the (nature of the volume of oxygen in the air concentration), there is in the air of self-extinguishing. According to the oxygen index of size, will generally be divided into flammable textiles (LOI <20%), flammable (LOI = 20% ~ 26%), Flame (LOI = 26% ~ 34%) and non-combustible (LOI> 35%) Four grades. In fact, almost all conventional textile materials (fiber) are flammable or combustible.

Test

Textiles as a result of combustion test principle and purpose of diversity was different. A variety of methods to test the results of tests conducted between each other difficult to compare results only to a certain extent, that the combustion properties of the sample is good or bad. The burning of the main method used to test samples of the breadth of burning (charring damage to the area and length), continued burning and smoldering time.

According to the sample and the relative location of the flame, can be divided into vertical method, and tilt the level of law. International textile materials combustion performance of the standardized test has been quite comprehensive, including ISO, ASTM, BS, JIS, international and foreign advanced standards have come to their own more than 10 relevant test standards, China has also been drawn up And implemented more than 10 different test standards such as: GB/T5454-1997 “textile combustion test oxygen index”, GB/T5455-1997 “textile vertical burning test method”, GB/TF5456-1997 “textiles Combustion performance test vertical flame spread of performance measurement. “

Chinese fire-retardant clothing for the current performance of the major tests used GB/T5455-1997 “textile vertical combustion test method.” The principle is to a certain size of the sample under the provisions of the vertical combustion chamber, with the provisions of the fire ignited within 12 seconds, remove the source of fire continued after the determination of the sample time and smoldering combustion, smoldering stopped, according to the Provides methods to measure the length of the damage. This method can be used to take fabrics, decorative fabrics, tent fabric, such as the determination of flame-retardant properties. China’s textile flame-retardant fabric performance evaluation is based on the rate of combustion as the major basis, and only in line with the standards of textile products can be seen as fire-retardant products.

In order to reduce due to fires caused by the textile, we must improve the relevant laws and regulations.

At present, Europe and the United States and Japan’s exports of textile products must meet certain fire-retardant requirement, which originated from Europe and the United States and Japan and other industrialized countries have developed stringent fire safety laws and regulations of textile products and technical standards. CPSCl6CFRl610 such as the United States for the fire safety regulations for textiles and clothing (usually clothing) the fire safety standard, but does not include hats, gloves, shoes and lining, this is the standard for textiles and clothing the minimum fire safety requirements apply to all adult and children’s clothing. CP SC16CFR1615/165 the United States for the fire safety regulations for children’s sleepwear fire set by the more stringent regulations, all children’s pajamas as the use of clothing or material, must be in compliance with the norms. The test must be in strict accordance with the provisions of the steps, each step is connected, a link has not passed, there would be allowed to enter the next link.